1. What is Pipeline Velocity?

Pipeline velocity is the speed at which fluid flows through a pipe or conduit. It's calculated by dividing the volumetric flow rate by the cross-sectional area of the pipe.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the fundamental velocity equation:

Where:

• \( Flow \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( Area \) — Cross-sectional area of the pipe (m²)

Explanation: The equation shows that velocity increases with higher flow rates or smaller pipe diameters (smaller areas).

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Knowing fluid velocity is essential for proper pipeline design, ensuring efficient flow while avoiding issues like excessive pressure drop or erosion.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in m³/s and cross-sectional area in m². Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are typical pipeline velocities?
A: For water systems, 0.5-3 m/s is common. Higher velocities may cause erosion, while lower velocities may allow sedimentation.

Q2: How do I calculate area for a circular pipe?
A: Area = π × (diameter/2)². You can use our Pipe Area Calculator for this.

Q3: Does velocity change with pipe diameter?
A: Yes, for a constant flow rate, velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases.

Q4: What units should I use?
A: The calculator uses SI units (m³/s and m²), but you can convert from other units before entering values.

Q5: How does velocity relate to Reynolds number?
A: Reynolds number, which determines flow regime (laminar/turbulent), is directly proportional to velocity.