1. What is Pipe Line Velocity?

Pipe line velocity is the speed at which water flows through a pipe. It's calculated by dividing the volumetric flow rate by the cross-sectional area of the pipe.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the basic velocity equation:

Where:

• \( Flow \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( Area \) — Cross-sectional area of the pipe (m²)

Explanation: The equation shows that velocity increases with higher flow rates or smaller pipe diameters.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Proper velocity calculation is essential for designing efficient piping systems, preventing erosion, avoiding sedimentation, and ensuring adequate flow for system requirements.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow in m³/s and area in m². For circular pipes, area can be calculated as π × (diameter/2)². All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical water velocity in pipes?
A: Typically 0.5-2.5 m/s for water supply systems, with 1-1.5 m/s being most common for balance between pressure loss and pipe size.

Q2: Why is high velocity problematic?
A: High velocity can cause erosion, noise, and excessive pressure drops. Very low velocity may allow sedimentation.

Q3: How does pipe diameter affect velocity?
A: For a given flow rate, velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases (inverse square relationship).

Q4: What units should be used?
A: The calculator uses SI units (m³/s and m²), but you can convert from other units before entering values.

Q5: Does this apply to other fluids?
A: The basic equation applies to all fluids, but specific applications may require additional considerations for viscosity, density, etc.