1. What is the PCB Copper Thickness Equation?

The PCB copper thickness equation calculates the required copper thickness for a trace to safely carry a given current without exceeding a specified temperature rise. This is essential for reliable PCB design and preventing trace overheating.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the PCB copper thickness equation:

Where:

• \( Thick \) — Required copper thickness (mils)
• \( I \) — Current (amps)
• \( k \) — Constant (typically 0.048 for outer layers, 0.024 for inner layers)
• \( \Delta T \) — Temperature rise (°C)
• \( W \) — Trace width (mils)

Explanation: The equation accounts for the relationship between current carrying capacity, trace dimensions, and acceptable temperature rise.

3. Importance of Copper Thickness Calculation

Details: Proper copper thickness calculation ensures PCB traces can handle the required current without excessive heating, which could lead to reliability issues or trace failure.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter current in amps, constant k (0.048 typical for outer layers), temperature rise in °C, and trace width in mils. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between inner and outer layer constants?
A: Outer layers (k=0.048) can carry more current than inner layers (k=0.024) due to better heat dissipation.

Q2: What's a typical temperature rise limit?
A: 10°C is common, but higher values (20°C-30°C) may be acceptable depending on application.

Q3: How does trace width affect the calculation?
A: Wider traces can carry more current or use thinner copper for the same current.

Q4: What are standard copper thicknesses?
A: Common thicknesses are 0.5 oz (0.7 mils), 1 oz (1.4 mils), and 2 oz (2.8 mils) per square foot.

Q5: When should I use this calculation?
A: For any PCB design where current carrying capacity is a concern, especially power circuits.