1. What is Lapse Rate?

The lapse rate is the rate at which atmospheric temperature decreases with an increase in altitude. It's a fundamental concept in meteorology and atmospheric science.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the basic lapse rate equation:

Where:

• \( \Delta T \) — Temperature difference (°C)
• \( \Delta H \) — Altitude difference (km)

Explanation: The equation calculates the temperature change per unit of vertical distance in the atmosphere.

3. Importance of Lapse Rate

Details: Understanding lapse rates is crucial for weather forecasting, aviation, and studying atmospheric stability. Different lapse rates indicate different atmospheric conditions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter temperature difference in °C and altitude difference in km. The altitude difference must be greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the environmental lapse rate?
A: The actual observed rate of temperature decrease with altitude in the atmosphere, typically about 6.5°C per km on average.

Q2: What is the dry adiabatic lapse rate?
A: The rate at which dry air cools as it rises (9.8°C per km) or warms as it descends, assuming no heat exchange.

Q3: What does a negative lapse rate indicate?
A: A negative lapse rate means temperature increases with altitude, known as an inversion.

Q4: How does humidity affect lapse rates?
A: Moist air has a lower lapse rate (wet adiabatic lapse rate, ~5°C/km) because latent heat is released as water vapor condenses.

Q5: Why are lapse rates important for aviation?
A: They help predict turbulence, cloud formation, and icing conditions which are critical for flight safety.