1. What is an Inverting Amplifier?

An inverting amplifier is a basic op-amp circuit configuration that produces an output signal that is 180° out of phase with the input signal. The gain is determined by the ratio of the feedback resistor (Rf) to the input resistor (Rin).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the inverting amplifier formula:

Where:

• \( V_{out} \) — Output voltage (V)
• \( R_f \) — Feedback resistor (ohms)
• \( R_{in} \) — Input resistor (ohms)
• \( V_{in} \) — Input voltage (V)

Explanation: The negative sign indicates the phase inversion. The gain is simply the ratio of Rf to Rin.

3. Importance of Inverting Amplifier Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of output voltage is crucial for designing amplifier circuits, signal processing applications, and ensuring proper circuit operation.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all resistor values in ohms and input voltage in volts. All values must be valid (resistors > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the significance of the negative sign?
A: The negative sign indicates that the output signal is inverted (180° phase shift) relative to the input.

Q2: What are typical resistor values used?
A: Common values range from 1kΩ to 100kΩ, but depend on application requirements and op-amp specifications.

Q3: What happens if Rin = Rf?
A: The circuit becomes a unity gain inverting amplifier (gain = -1), simply inverting the input signal.

Q4: Are there limitations to this configuration?
A: The input impedance is relatively low (equal to Rin), and the circuit inverts the signal which may not be desirable in some applications.

Q5: Can I use this for AC signals?
A: Yes, the formula works for both DC and AC signals, as long as the frequency is within the op-amp's bandwidth.